GE UR-9HH Used to reduce the rated values of current and voltage for relay monitoring

1. Shifts in Industry Structure

• Traditional Model:
  Historically, rocket propulsion in the U.S. has been dominated by government agencies (DoD, NASA). Funding, facilities, and coordination were all government-led.

• Changes Over Time:

  • Old companies have been bought, merged, downsized, or disappeared.

  • New players (privately financed companies, e.g., SpaceX, Blue Origin) have entered the market.

  • These companies built their own propulsion systems, test facilities, and launch sites.

  • While some rely on government contracts, others developed independent, commercially viable systems outside the government’s original roadmap.

2. Business Climate vs. Engineering Focus

• The book notes that business changes strongly affect rocket development, but it won’t go deep into economics.

• Instead, it focuses on technical principles, recent data, and engineering aspects of propulsion systems.

3. Engineering Priorities in Rocket Propulsion

• Historical Priorities (Space Programs):

  • Reliability first → spacecraft propulsion must work flawlessly (no failures tolerated).

  • Performance second → efficiency, thrust, payload capabilities.

  • Cost third → budgets were secondary to mission success and safety.

• Recent Trends:

  • Cost reduction has become the main driver.

  • Performance and reliability improvements are still pursued, but less aggressively compared to cost.

  • Environmental considerations (pollution, propellant toxicity) are now included as part of system reliability.

4. Implications for the Ninth Edition of the Book

• Added new sections on cost reduction strategies in propulsion.

• Broader definition of reliability, now including environmental compatibility.

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